Pueblos jóvenes
Pueblos jóvenes
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Pueblos jóvenes (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpweβlos ˈxoβenes], "young towns") is the nickname given to the vast shanty towns that surround Lima and other cities of Peru. Many of these towns have developed into significant districts in Lima such as Villa El Salvador and Comas.
Contents
1 Population
2 Living conditions
3 Politics
4 Gallery
5 Examples in other countries
6 See also
7 References
Population[edit]
They are populated almost exclusively by Black, Amerindian, and mestizo campesinos who since the 1940s have migrated in great waves from Peru's countryside in search of economic opportunity, turning Lima into the fourth-largest city in the Americas. Like many other rapidly industrializing cities, Lima's job market has largely been unable to keep up with this influx of people, forcing many to accept any housing available.[1]
Most of the inhabitants of the pueblos jóvenes also came in order to escape terrorism during the 1980s.
Living conditions[edit]
The towns are composed of poorly constructed shacks which generally lack running water, and other basic services although electricity is usually available on a pirated DIY basis. In both appearance and culture, they are similar to the favelas of Brazil and other Latin American cities. Crime is rampant.
Water delivery or services to these parts of Lima costs between 6 and ten times as much as it does in affluent parts of Lima such as San Isidro or Miraflores.
Work to improve life in these areas is carried on by organisations such as the NGO Asociacion SOLAC and the theatre group Vichama.
Politics[edit]
Many of the dwellings are painted with the colors of the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), the Socialist Party of Peru, or political candidates. Some still bear the logo of now convicted three-term president Alberto Fujimori, sometimes because the resident hasn't had the time or money to repaint their dwelling, sometimes because they still support Fujimori.
President Alejandro Toledo, Fujimori's successor, pushed through various initiatives to encourage peasants to return to the farming and mining communities whence they came, but they have not been effective.
The Peruvian government has permitted these communities to continue largely because it realizes that, were they to eradicate them, the inhabitants would simply move elsewhere in the city's peripheral areas.[1]
Gallery[edit]
New provisorical livings ascending the hill
Houses made of simple materials
Districts are formed just outside the town
Now equipped with electric light and bus
More permanent residence are formed
Political messages on the walls
Examples in other countries[edit]
Arrabal (Puerto Rico)
Asentamiento (Guatemala)
Barrio (Venezuela)- Barrio Marginado (Honduras)
- Barrio Marginal (Ecuador)
Cantegril (Uruguay)
Comunas (Colombia)
Favela (Brazil)
Población callampa or Campamento (Chile)
Tugurio or Precario (Costa Rica)
Villa Miseria (Argentina)
Chacarita (Paraguay)
Ghetto (United States)
See also[edit]
- Colonia (border settlement)
- Favelas
- Squatting
References[edit]
^ ab Lloyd, Peter (1980). The 'young Towns' of Lima: Aspects of Urbanization in Peru. Cambridge: CUP Archive. p. 143. ISBN 0521296889..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
Categories:
- Peruvian society
- Populated places in Peru
- Human habitats
- Shanty towns in South America
- Slums in South America
- Geography of Lima
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