排程

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Scheduling」的各地常用別名
中国大陸
调度
港臺
排程、排班

排程或譯排班,是將任務分配至資源的過程,在計算機或生產處理中尤為重要。


排班首要面對的就是效率問題。以數學而言,排班問題通常就是最佳化問題。以航空公司為例,使用機場每個登機口皆需計時付費,「分配登機口」就是一項任務,而「登機口」就是可供利用的資源,若將登機口使用數量及時間壓到最低,亦即能節省最多的成本。



電腦


排程多任務處理的主要目的,是隨時保有一個行程在執行,藉以提高CPU使用率。事實上,行程就是一種任務,可利用的資源即是CPU。若能最有效率完成運算,對使用者而言就不必久候。



常見排程



  • 依序循環排程(RR,Round-robin scheduling英语Round-robin scheduling


  • 最短先做排班(SJN,Shortest job next英语Shortest job next

  • Shortest remaining time英语Shortest remaining time

  • Weighted round-robin scheduling英语Weighted round-robin scheduling


  • 速率单调 (RMS)


  • Deadline-monotonic scheduling英语Deadline-monotonic scheduling (DMS)


  • Earliest deadline first scheduling英语Earliest deadline first scheduling (EDF)

  • Two-level scheduling英语Two-level scheduling

  • 先進先出

  • LIFO

  • Fair-share scheduling英语Fair-share scheduling


  • 完全公平排程 (CFS)


  • Least slack time scheduling英语Least slack time scheduling (LST)

  • Multilevel Feedback Queue英语Multilevel Feedback Queue

  • Take scheduling

  • Gang scheduling英语Gang scheduling

  • Least-connection scheduling

  • Weighted least-connection scheduling

  • Shortest expected delay scheduling

  • Never queue scheduling

  • List scheduling英语List scheduling

  • Genetic Anticipatory

  • Lottery Scheduling

  • 关键路径


磁碟臂排程


  • Shortest seek first英语Shortest seek first

  • Elevator algorithm英语Elevator algorithm


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