美洲原住民語言
Clash Royale CLAN TAG#URR8PPP 美洲原住民語言（有时也称为印第安语）并不是一种语言，甚至也不是属于一种语系，而是美洲所有原住民的各种语言的总称。其中瑪雅語曾经有自己的文字系统。随着15世纪末开始西方殖民主义者的到来，以印第安人为主的美洲原住民数量在几百年的时间里锐减，再加上文化的同化，美洲原住民的大部分语言已经灭绝，目前即使会说美洲土著语言的大部分人也是操双语的人群。因为缺少研究材料，对美洲土著语言的研究很不足，目前对許多美洲土著语言的分类说法不一，尚不能把语系确定下来，只能暂时分为语组，大致有如下个语组，有几百种以上的语言，有许多语言现在能流利的说的人不足几十甚至几个人，大部分已经灭绝。
南美的大語系：黑點表示孤立語言，灰點表示語系劃分有爭議的語言
目录
1 語系種類
2 美洲印地安人诸语言列表
3 參考文獻
3.1 引用
3.2 来源
4 外部連結
語系種類
爱斯基摩-阿留申语系(Eskimo-Aleut)分布于北极地带，包括：- 因纽特语
- 阿留申语
阿尔吉克语系(Algic)广泛分布在北美东海岸，从加拿大东部到美国落矶山以东的广大地区，主要有以下几种：
阿爾岡昆諸語言(Algonquian)
尤罗克语(Yurok)
维约特语(Wiyot)
納-德內語系(Na-Dené)广泛分布在加拿大和美国的阿拉斯加州，主要包括：
特林吉特语(Tlingit)
阿萨帕斯卡语(Athabaskan)
萨利希语系(Salishan)分布从加拿大西部到美国西部太平洋沿岸：
贝拉库拉语族（Bella Coola）
海岸萨利希语族（Coast Salish）
内陆萨利希语族（Interior Salish）
馬雅語系分布在中美洲和墨西哥南部地区：
犹加敦语支(Yucatec Maya)
乔尔泽套语支(Cholan–Tzeltalan)
瓦斯蒂克语支(Huastecan)
坎合巴祖赫语(Kanjobalan–Chujean)
基切马梅语支(Quichean–Mamean)
卡多语系(Caddoan)分布在美国中部大平原地区
霍卡语系(Hokan)分布在美国加利福尼亚州
猶他-阿茲特克語系分布从美国犹他州到墨西哥广大地区
阿拉瓦克语系(Arawakan)分布在加勒比海岛屿到南美洲安第斯山以东的大部分地区
奇布恰语系(Chibchan)分布在中美洲南部到哥伦比亚北部地区
克丘亚语系分布在南美洲安第斯山以东北部地区
图皮语系(Tupi)分布在南美从玻利维亚、巴拉圭到阿根廷地区
舒阿尔语系(Shuar)分布在亚马逊河上游森林中地区
美洲印地安人诸语言列表
佩纳德语族- 內茲入佩尔塞语
- 克拉哪特语
- 雅基马语
伊洛魁语族- 切罗基语
- 莫霍克语
- 奧內达语
- 瑟內萨语
尤马语族
尤马语(Yuma/Quechan)
馬瑞科帕語(Maricopa)
莫哈维语(Mojave)
卡多语族- 卡多语
- 波尼语
阿尔冈昆诸语言- 布来克福特语
- 帕萨马科迪语
- 阿拉帕霍语
- 夏安语
- 奧杰布韋语
- 福克斯语
- 德拉瓦尔语
- 萨利希语系
犹他-阿兹提克语族- 皮马语
- 肖肖尼语
- 帕帕戈语
- 科曼奇语
- 納瓦特爾語
- 基奧瓦语
- 猶他语
塔努安语族- 托瓦语
- 泰瓦语
- 提瓦语
Muskogean- 克里克语
- 奇卡索语
- 乔克托语
- 塞米诺尔语
凱雷斯语族- 凱雷斯语
蘇语族- 克罗语 (北美洲)
- 溫內巴戈语
- 欧塞奇语
阿撒巴斯卡语族- 阿帕切语
- 海达语
- 特林基特语
- 纳瓦约语
Zoquean- 索克语
歐托-曼格语系- 萨波特克语
參考文獻
引用
来源
.mw-parser-output .refbeginfont-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ullist-style-type:none;margin-left:0.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>ddmargin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100font-size:100%
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- 南美洲
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外部連結
- Catálogo de línguas indígenas sul-americanas
- Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos
- Towards a general typology of South American indigenous languages. A bibliographical database
- South American Languages
Society to Advance Indigenous Vernaculars of the United States (SAIVUS)- Indigenous Peoples Languages: Articles, News, Videos
- Documentation Center of the Linguistic Minorities of Panama
- The Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America
- Indigenous Language Institute
The Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA)
Southern Oregon Digital Archives First Nations Tribal Collection (collection of ethnographic, linguistic, & historical material)- Center for the Study of the Native Languages of the Plains and Southwest
- Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica
- Programa de Formación en Educación Intercultural Bilingüe para los Países Andinos
Native American Language Center (University of California at Davis)- Native Languages of the Americas
- International Journal of American Linguistics
Our Languages (Saskatchewan Indian Cultural Centre)- Swadesh Lists of Brazilian Native Languages
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