顎音化

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顎音化
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◌ʲ

顎音化英语:Palatalization)是一個語言學的名詞,指輔音在發音時變得接近硬顎音。通常發生於硬顎無擦通音/j/或者前元音如/i//e/的前面,這個現象會使輔音在發音時,除本身的發音動作外,舌根會頂著硬顎部分並發出一個類似短促的/j/。國際音標會在顎音化的輔音右上角加上“ʲ”來表示。




目录





  • 1 各語言範例


  • 2 參考書目


  • 3 參見


  • 4 外部連結




各語言範例


顎化現像在很多語言都有出現。例如,中國的北方方言在近百年发生的尖团合流,就是一種顎音化。另外,在英語裡“question”和“nature”裡的“t”讀成/ʧ/,又或是“soldier”和“procedure”裡的“d”讀成/ʤ/音。這是因為這些 t 或 d 的後面跟從了/i//u/音,使前面的/t//d/發生了顎化現象。


顎音化在拉丁語族、斯拉夫語族、漢語、日語的發展佔有很重要的地位。這種現象在世上很多語言都有出現。



參考書目


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  • Bynon, Theodora. Historical Linguistics. Cambridge University Press, 1977. ISBN 978-0-521-21582-4 (hardback) or ISBN 978-0-521-29188-0 (paperback).

  • Bhat, D.N.S. A General Study of Palatalization. Universals of Human Language 2, pp. 47 -92

  • Buckley, E. The Phonetic Origin and Phonological Extension of Gallo-Roman Palatalization, 2003. (paper)

  • Crowley, Terry. (1997) An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 3rd edition. Oxford University Press.


  • Pullum, Geoffrey K.; Ladusaw, William A. Phonetic Symbol Guide. University of Chicago Press. 1996: 174, 209.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)


  • Lightner, Theodore M., Problems in the Theory of Phonology, I: Russian phonology and Turkish phonology, Edmonton: Linguistic Research, inc, 1972 



參見



  • Iota化英语Iotation:斯拉夫語族語言的一種顎音化形式。


  • 軟音符號:西里爾字母一個用來表示顎音化的字符。

  • 發音方法


外部連結



  • Erkki Savolainen, Internetix 1998. Suomen murteet – Koprinan murretta. (with a sound sample with palatalized t')

  • Frisian assibilation as a hypercorrect effect due to a substrate language

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